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According to :h spell
Vim only checks words for spelling, there is no grammar check.
It does however alert with a green wobbly line if a sentence begins with a small letter. Is there a way to have vim alert in a similar way if a word is repeated? This is a mistake I make quite often.
It should be fairly easy to find with a regular expression, e.g. with \v( \w{2,})\1\W. But how to apply this to vim's spellchecking?
I don't know how to use a regex to spell checking, but you can highlight repeated words the way spell would:
syn match SpellBad /\<\(\w\+\)\s\+\1\>/
(Yes, I like \ a lot. :P)
This won't bring up foo foo when you look for badly spelled words (via [s or ]s, for example), but hopefully the quick visual feedback you get from the highlighting should be helpful.
The the is a special case, added to Vim's default rules, from what I can make of the help.
\<\> - are anchor for match the whole word \(\) - defines a capture group \w - word character \+ - 1 or more of the preceding character \s - white space character \1 - represents the content of the first capture group
Sep 15 '15 at 20:41
/\c\v<(\w+)\s+\1>/. \v makes it magic, so you don't need all the backslashes, and \c makes it non-case sensitive, so that it captures dublicated words where the first is in the beginning of the sentence and capitalized.
:syntax clear SpellBad. Not ideal but doable.