line-wrapping without affecting math equations

Question

Consider we have a long paragraph in a .tex file that includes displayed-math formula. For example

This is a long paragraph that includes many sentences with a few math equations. 
For example, this is the Einstein mass-energy formula
\begin{equation}
E=mC^2,
\end{equation}
while this one is the Newton's second law:
\begin{equation}
F=ma.
\end{equation} 
We can add a few more sentences but I think it is in a good shape by now.

Using vim, I want to wrap the lines of the whole paragraph (not one line at a time) without wrapping the displayed math equations. Is it possible? I tried gqip but it wraps the equations, as well.

P.S.: I know that gqip does not wrap "citations". For example, if there is a

\cite{reference1,reference2,reference3,reference4,reference5,reference6}

in the paragraph then it will not be wrapped by gqip. I am actually looking for something like this.

Answer 1

latexindent.pl does a very good job at this.

You can configure it by setting :set formatprg=latexindent\ -m\ -l\ myWrapOptions.yaml\ - with

# myWrapOptions.yaml
modifyLineBreaks:
    textWrapOptions:
        columns: 40
noIndentBlock:
    mathEnvironment:
      begin: '\\begin\{equation\*?\}'
      end: '\\end\{equation\*?\}'

This is the output using your example with a slightly longer equation:

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
This is a long paragraph that includes
many sentences with a few math
equations. For example, this is the
Einstein mass-energy formula
\begin{equation}
E=mC^2,
\end{equation}
while this is the wave equation
\begin{equation}
    \nabla^2 \textbf{E} = \mu \epsilon \frac{\partial^2 \textbf{E}}{\partial t^2}
\end{equation}
We can add a few more sentences but I
think it is in a good shape by now.
\end{document}

For a more ad-hoc solution, latexindent won't touch blocks surrounded by % \begin{noindent} and % \end{noindent}. However, since you probably want to change the default wrapping options, this is probably unnecessary.