146

Given a file with a large JSON object all on one line like

{"versions":[{"count":2,"version":""},{"count":1,"version":"1.1.1"},{"count":14,"version":"2.9"},{...

How can I format this to be human readable in Vim?

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1

10 Answers 10

Reset to default
219

Or you can install jq which is faster (written in C) from your package manager (e.g. sudo apt install jq in Ubuntu/Debian, sudo dnf install jq on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS) or from source and then in vim, type:

:%!jq .
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11
  • 1
    :%!jq works just as well for me.
    – Micks Ketches
    Dec 27, 2019 at 22:38
  • 5
    Hm... only works with the added . for me. I wonder why.
    – Costa Michailidis
    Apr 15, 2020 at 23:02
  • 1
    on MacOS, I need the . as well
    – Thomas
    Jun 14, 2020 at 18:53
  • 3
    On MacOS after installing jq with brew install jq I could also just type :%!jq without a dot at the end
    – olik79
    Apr 20, 2021 at 19:01
  • 2
    @Alexandre % stands for a range equal to 1,$ (the entire file) and ! filters the range of line to the external program jq.
    – SebMa
    Apr 11 at 21:11
91

This one-liner works well to format JSON in Vim into a human readable form:

:%!python -m json.tool

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6
  • 1
    Do you memorize that and type it every time or do you use some kind of alias?
    – asedsami
    Dec 13, 2019 at 17:05
  • I tend to use the :%!jq . answer these days, as I do less with Python and tend to have jq installed on my systems for any JSON work in CLI. I also get notifications for this SO question quite often, so it helps me not to forget :P I prefer vim with minimal customization, no plugins, etc, which is another reason the jq solution is now my preferred.
    – ljs.dev
    Dec 14, 2019 at 7:37
  • 8
    Just a warning that this will escape some characters into ASCII only. So if you want UTF8 encoding jq is the better option.
    – AndrewHarvey
    Feb 5, 2020 at 3:01
  • 4
    Python 3.9 has introduced the option --no-ensure-ascii.
    – Hotschke
    May 27, 2021 at 6:55
  • 1
    Useful if you are on a cloud environment and don't have permissions to install jq
    – Anurag A S
    Jul 20, 2022 at 15:11
11

To format in a deterministic way, we need to sort the hash. None of the other answers did that for me, so I created my own:

function! FormatJson()
python << EOF
import vim
import json
try:
    buf = vim.current.buffer
    json_content = '\n'.join(buf[:])
    content = json.loads(json_content)
    sorted_content = json.dumps(content, indent=4, sort_keys=True)
    buf[:] = sorted_content.split('\n')
except Exception, e:
    print e
EOF
endfunction

Usage:

:call FormatJson()
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2
  • 1
    Welcome to Vi and Vim! Nice first answer; it's interesting that you consider the sorting aspect!
    – D. Ben Knoble ♦
    Nov 19, 2019 at 15:26
  • 2
    About the sorting I'm pretty sure jq mentionned in SebMa answers has a --sort-keys option which would do the job. But it's cool to write your own implementation too :)
    – statox
    Nov 19, 2019 at 16:23
5

I use this :Jsonf command. It's can format unicode.

command! Jsonf :execute '%!python -c "import json,sys,collections,re; sys.stdout.write(re.sub(r\"\\\u[0-9a-f]{4}\", lambda m:m.group().decode(\"unicode_escape\").encode(\"utf-8\"),json.dumps(json.load(sys.stdin, object_pairs_hook=collections.OrderedDict), indent=2)))"'
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1

If PHP is available, add the tool jf as a JSON Formatter by Composer:

$ composer global require codegear/json-formatter

Then Format current file:

:%!jf %

Or add a keymap in vimrc:

nnoremap <Leader>jf :%!jf %<CR>
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0

If nodejs and xargs are available on your system you can add the following command to your .vimrc

command! -range FormatJson <line1>,<line2>!xargs -0 -I {} node -e 'console.log(JSON.stringify({}, null, 2));'

After that you can visual select the JSON text in the buffer and run

:'<,'>FormatJson

to pretty print it. Works with Unicode too.

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0

Another solution is to use coc-format-json.

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0

I wanted to open jq with vim. However i didn't manage to find a way to do it in one command.

I wrote a shell script, and it worked for me (linux version : redhat 7.6):

# Don't miss the dot after jq
cat input.json | jq . > output.json
vim output.json
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1
  • 3
    You can use - to read from stdin: jq input.json . | vim - (maybe you need to reverse the input.json and . in that jq command). Another option would be to use -c or + to run a command when Vim opens: vim +':%!jq .' input.json
    – Martin Tournoij
    May 3, 2021 at 7:41
0

Use ALE to help you with linting/formatting

  1. Install ALE into .vim/vimfiles/pack/*/opt/ale

  2. add the following line to your vimrc:

packadd ale
  1. create .vim/vimfiles/after/ftplugin/json.vim
if exists("b:my_ftplugin") | finish | endif
let b:my_ftplugin = 1
if !exists('g:loaded_ale') | finish | endif
" Pick from available fixers :help ale-fix
" E.g., use prettier if it is installed:
let b:ale_fixers = ['prettier']

If no fixers are available at your disposal, python is always an option:

if !executable('python') | finish | endif
let b:ale_fixers = [{ -> {'command': 'python -m json.tool --indent 2 -'}}]
  1. Run the following command to reformat the current vim buffer:
:ALEFix
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Only usable for one (or few) files.

Set all values at a new line with substitute commands (they must fit your file!):

  • :%s/","/",\r"/g
  • :%s/null,"/null,\r"/g
  • :%s/(\d),"/\1,\r"/g
  • ... (there are },{, [{
{
"versions":[
{
"count":2,"version":""
},
{"count":1,
"version":"1.1.1"
},
{
"count":14,
"version":"2.9"
}]
}

Then go to the first { and type =%.

The JSON will be rudimentary formatted. Not perfect but readable.

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