How to disable expansion of percent sign('%') in cmdline and `:exec`?

Question

Besides type in cmdline directly, I also use

vnoremap <F2> :<c-u>exec join(getline("'<","'>"),"\n")<CR>
nnoremap <F2> :exec getline(".")<CR>
nnoremap <F3> :.w !sed 's/\r$// ; s/^\s*\$\s*\(.*\)\s*/\1/' \|bash -o pipefail<CR>

to run vim/shell command in current buffer. eg,

• <F2> to run current line as vim command.
• <F3> to run current line as shell command.
• 4<F3> to run curent line and 3 lines below it as shell command.

So how can I disable expansion of %,

• at cmdline, eg :!awk 'BEGIN { print 4 % 3} '
• exec + getline()

Answer 1

escape(getline('.'), '%')

See :h escape() for more information