Is there a way to perform a simultaneous find and replace?
e.g.: I want to replace all 1 for 0 and simultaneously all 0 to 1
[
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0],
]
Yes, you can do that by using an expression. For this particular case, you can use Vim arithmetic and calculate 1-x, which will turn 0 into 1 and 1 into 0.
:s/\d/\=1-submatch(0)/g
For a more general replacement case, you can use a Dict to store the mapping of match to replacement string.
For example, to turn the digits into written numbers:
:let repl = {"0": "zero", "1": "one"}
:s/\d/\=repl[submatch(0)]/g
See:
There's a bunch of excellent answers here already, but for the sake of completeness I feel like I should point out that, in most practical respects, if you concatenate multiple ex commands with the bar character |, they act like a single operation.
In particular, they will lead to a single item in each of the undo tree and changelist.
As such, the following acts like a simultaneous change of 1 to 0 and 0 to 1:
:%s/1/TEMP/g | %s/0/1/g | %s/TEMP/0/g
In your specific use case, i think what you can do is this handy oneline:
%s/0\|1/\=!submatch(0)/g
That basically inverts the match.
Sure:
%s/[01]/\="10"[submatch(0)]/g
Matches either a 0 or 1 and replaces it with either
"10"[0] = 1
or
"10"[1] = 0
This answer is longer than others, it didn't take the specific data value advantage, it's a general solution to replace n different values with n different replacements:
let d={0:1,1:0} | %s/\v(0|1)/\=d[submatch(0)]/g | unlet d
So if you want to change Hello vim 8 to Oh god 9 in a single replacement:
let d={'Hello':'Oh','vim':'god',8:9} | %s/\v(Hello|vim|8)/\=d[submatch(0)]/g | unlet d
I'm actually surprised there is no native tr in vi/vim, but if your platform is UNIXy enough, there's an external command for just this:
:%!tr 01 10
This is what I would personally use, but it may not be portable enough for you.
I'm quite certain I've already gave an answer to the general case either here on vi.SE, or on stackoverflow, but impossible to find the Q/A...
In that answer I provide the command CycleSubstitute that could be used in your case in the following way
:[range]CycleSubstitute/0/1
I've packaged it here. And it's implemented in the following way:
:command! -bang -nargs=1 -range CycleSubstitute <line1>,<line2>call s:CycleSubstitute("<bang>", <f-args>)
function! s:CycleSubstitute(bang, repl_arg) range
let do_loop = a:bang != "!"
let sep = a:repl_arg[0]
let fields = split(a:repl_arg, sep)
let cleansed_fields = map(copy(fields), 'substitute(v:val, "\\\\[<>]", "", "g")')
" build the action to execute
let action = '\=s:DoCycleSubst('.do_loop.',' . string(cleansed_fields) . ', "^".submatch(0)."$")'
" prepare the :substitute command
let args = [join(fields, '\|'), action ]
let cmd = a:firstline . ',' . a:lastline . 's'
\. sep . join(fields, '\|')
\. sep . action
\. sep . 'g'
" echom cmd
" and run it
exe cmd
endfunction
function! s:DoCycleSubst(do_loop, fields, what)
let idx = (match(a:fields, a:what) + 1) % len(a:fields)
return a:fields[idx]
endfunction
Similar to @LucHermitte's answer, the SwapStrings plugin lets you do
:%SwapStrings 0 1
My own PatternsOnText plugin provides (among many others) a :SubstituteMultiple command that can do swaps as a corner case of doing multiple substitutions atomically (that is, without introducing a temp replacement):
:%SubstituteMultiple /0/1/ /1/0/ g
To add to the list of plugins allowing this, vim-abolish features the Subvert function which can be leveraged to achieve multiple replaces:
%Subvert/{1,0}/{0,1}/g
:%s/\([01]\)/\=1-submatch(1)/g
The following is taking place in the substitute command
\= is interpreted as the beginning of a mathematical expression in the substituted section
